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Periodontitis
Periodontitis occurs when inflammation or infection of the gums (gingivitis) is left untreated or treatment is delayed. Inflammation causes a pocket to develop between the gums and the teeth, which fills with plaque and tartar. This soft tissue swelling traps the plaque into this pocket. Continued inflammation eventually causes destruction of the tissues and bone surrounding the tooth. Because plaque contains bacteria, infection is likely and a tooth abscess may also develop, which increases the rate of bone destruction. This breakdown in the supporting structures of the teeth causes them to become loose and eventually fall out. This disorder is uncommon in childhood but increases during adolescence. Periodontitis is the primary cause for tooth loss in adults.
Early symptoms of periodontitis resemble gingivitis. The appearance of mouth sores, swollen gums that are bright red-purple, and bleeding gums that are tender to the touch are the symptoms of periodontitis. Treating symptoms of periodontitis involve reducing inflammation, eliminating any pockets present, and address any underlying causes. It is important to have the teeth cleaned thoroughly. This may involve use of various instruments to loosen and remove deposits from the teeth (scaling). Meticulous home dental hygiene is necessary to limit further destruction. Surgical treatment may be necessary in severe cases. Deep pockets may need to be opened and cleaned, loose teeth may require support, and extraction of a tooth may be necessary to prevent the spread of destruction to nearby teeth.
Central Drugs recommends the following for Periodontitis:
Chlorhexidine 1% Gel
Metronidazole 1% Gel |
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