Head Lice

Head lice infestations are a common problem in infants and children, even in those who practice good hygiene and frequent hair washing. Lice only infect humans and they are spread by direct contact with someone who is already infected or by use of their belongings (such as hats, brushes or combs).

Nits are the eggs from adult lice. They are off-white in color and can be seen firmly attached to hairs. The eggs hatch in 6-10 days and it then takes another two to three weeks for the lice to mature and be able to reproduce. Adult lice are red-brown and 1/16 of an inch long. They move very fast and are most commonly seen at the back of the neck and behind the ears. Lice can only survive for two to three days when off of the human body.

The most common symptom of children infected with head lice is itching, although some children do not complain if they have a light infestation.

The removal of lice is an involved process, as the infestation is rather resilient. Any and all visible lice and nits are to be combed out using a specially made lice-removing comb. This process alone requires over an hour to thoroughly remove all the bugs seen. Following a rigorous combing, the child's hair is washed with medicated shampoo, and combed again to remove dead lice. To get rid of lice in clothing and bed sheets, wash in hot water for more than one cycle. Laundry must be done daily to kill any remaining lice and nits.

Central Drugs recommends the following formulations for Head Lice:

Pyrethrin 0.33% synergized with 4% piperonyl butoxide & benzyl alcohol (A-200)

Pyrethrin 0.33% synergized with 4% piperonyl butoxide (RID)

Permethrin 1% Cream Rinse (NIX)